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M24 Chaffee (USA, ww2)

first two Chaffee ready. The third was a sticky.

NM-116 stuck - Waiting to be painted.

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infantry Patterns in America, cont

What ranks have used various armies in the War of Independence of the United States? Surely all
British troops and provincial (loyalists) are moving in two rows, and can choose between the chic compact and loose. Hesi after Long Island, from the 1777 fight in two ranks, but in a compact formation, which we know from the letter of General Knyphausena, who in 1781, unsuccessfully begged his lord for permission to operate in loose formation, allowing faster maneuvers. On the other hand, the Regiment von Bose, who took an active part in the campaign to Caroline appears to have no problem with the interaction with the British. Interesting is also the diary of Colonel Campbell expedition against Savannah in 1778. Campbell left the detailed calculations of the formation of his small body, which shows that the predicted line soldier in a yard (90 cm) of land, without making any distinction between the British units, provincial and two battalions heskimi. It follows from this that if only the Hessians troops are not fighting under the command of his generals, can use the loose formation. What tyralierą? This certainly use hescy jegrzy, it seems that it should not be available to other individuals. Brunswick
Army use two sets in their only campaign that ended with the surrender at Saratoga. Even before heading to the shares they received intensive training in a loose formation, but we know that the soldiers under General Riesedla Freeman's Farm, going into combat ranks to the compact zacieśnili. You can see that they can adapt their ranks to the situation.
And what about Americans? There are not any instructions relating to their ranks on the battlefield, and the variety used by these regulations do not permit generalization. Certainly they fought in two ranks and chic compact. Will the British model loosens up the ranks? It seems that the rather uncommon - even at the end of the war can be heard complaining about the "rigid German tactics of" hindering the fighting in difficult terrain. As if, contrary to the Hessian Captain Ewald jegrów, during his captivity at Yorktown, which is already at the end of the war exercises of the U.S. watched the regimental set "with the interval width of man", which is a loose formation. In this situation it seems to me that the infantry should Mainland be able to use the loose formation, but the police have to fight only in a dense pattern.
separate theme is the use by the British and Americans tyraliery, however I will some other time.
The French case is simple - Line Infantry and Grenadiers operate only in the ranks of compact (and three ranks!) While szaserzy and colonial units of various types can also use tyraliery.

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Tornado (GB, modern)

kindly beg that I bought another model in scale 1 / 100 of a series of "Aircraft the world. "

few words about a hero:

Panavia Tornado - a family of twin-engine, jet fighter aircraft with variable geometry wings, produced in collaboration Britain, Germany and Italy. There are three main versions of the Tornado aircraft: Assault version Tornado IDS (Interdictor / Strike ) version of the interceptor Tornado ADV ( Air Defense Variant ) and a version for electronic warfare Tornado ECR ( Electronic Combat / Reconaissance )

In July 1976, the governments of Great Britain, Germany and Italy signed an agreement on the production of 809 pieces of Tornado aircraft. 644 machines were to be implemented as a shock, of which Germany was to receive 324 copies of, United Kingdom - 200, and Italy - 100 165 pieces of hunting version of the Tornado ADV (Air Defence Variant) have been ordered by Britain. First serial Tornado for the UK were produced in 1979, 5 June 1979 the RAF received the first plane as a shock, and the first squadron RAF Tornado armed combat readiness reached 1 July 1982

The first use of CW aircraft of this type took place during Operation Desert Storm (the machine belonged to the RAF and the Italian aviation.) RAF Tornado strike hardest tasks performed on a strongly defended strike objects located Deep back the enemy - airports, bridges, communication and command centers. Along with the American F-15E Strike Eagle also participated in the hunt for mobile Scud missile launchers. During the fighting from Iraqi antiaircraft fire lost 6 machines.

Source: Wikipedia

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DECORATIVE ROLE round boxes with taps





So this beautiful collection of decorative round boxes - boxes are chystááá to start in April They are blue in color with a tap, tap with a gray and white cock. Beautiful and original pieces just for the big night. Admire the photos, if interested click on fotočku side.

wish you a beautiful spring day. Mary

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"Anglijskie Szerman (GB WW2) 1 Heavy Tank Battalion

Completing the British (and Canadian) equipment for Zach Theatre Mon-War Action (Francja'44 - Belgium and the Netherlands - Germany '45) basically been finished last year. Most tanks are "Szerman" (Sherman I, Ic, IIa, III, V, Vc). So the picks from time to time with the złomach - I know that there is unfortunately no "work of art", but can be wargamingu. Today, a small sample of my joy "tfórczości")

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ready! (USSR, modern), 122 mm Howitzer

Today, I present recently painted my IS-3M - along with two IS-3 Heavy Tank Battalion create (three companies and the military headquarters in the converter 1 / 5). These battalions were in the 80's of units III, which is a strategic line of the strategic reserve formations.

wonder how such a body would look like the start of an American Armored Division subunits (eg Abramsach) - probably "marmalade". But the "kneading" ordinary infantry or airborne NATO IS-y should be quite OK.

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"Loose files and the American scramble"

"Loose ranks and the American mess" - so after years of one of the participants described the tactics of the British infantry in the American War of Independence. In this post I will answer the question - In which the pattern should fight the armies in the war.
the beginning of the conflict are the existing ranks of Europe - the battalion set up in three lines in a dense pattern. British
very quickly went over to the chic dwuszeregowy. February 26, 1776, the new commander of American forces, General Howe ordered a relaxation of ranks to 18 inches (45 cm) between the soldiers. As a soldier in a dense array of lines is 60 cm (including 45 cm of his body, plus 15 cm between the arms), a loose order of General Howe meant 90 cm for a single soldier. Governor of Canada, General Carleton ordered the introduction of an identical pattern of command 29 June 1776 year, ie before Burgoyne's expedition, culminating in the surrender at Saratoga.
But we should not assume that the order was the only loose what the British used in America. Please note that such dilution of soldiers was only possible due to the absence of heavy cavalry, and in the absence of an equivalent enemy in combat. In a later phase of the conflict, to improving the training of Americans, Britons are increasingly required to return to the compact formation, especially during the fighting with bayonets. From this period comes from regulations that Major Ferguson wrote to his regiment, the American Volunteers. It assumes three types of formation: compact, used bayonets during the attack, loose - to fight the fire (literally firing order), assuming 90 cm spacing between the soldiers and tyralierę, in which pairs of soldiers are spaced apart by about 4 yards (360 cm).
This gives us a wide range of ranks used in this war:
Chic closed - 60 cm for a soldier in the line
Chic loose - at least 90 cm but not more than 165 cm
Tyraliera - over the latter's size, not less than 180 cm, and usually more, depending on circumstances.

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2A18 (D-30) - (USSR Modern) 2

wydłubałem So in the meantime you - just some nice stand (I already have support:)

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provisions of the "British Grenadier"

Starting work on a new era - the war for American independence, I decided to rely on some of the existing system. After a brief review of the market, my choice fell on British Grenadier published by Caliver Books . The system is based on the popular General de Brigade the Napoleonic wars, but the author does not confine itself to a simple transfer of engineering for the new period, but created a system for reviewers in my opinion, unique atmosphere this war. Importantly, the legislation contains a brief introduction to the organization and to discuss tactics, indicating that the author is a specialist in its field. As it is now customary, was founded forum dedicated to the system, where you can share your thoughts and doubts.
few words about the legislation. Currency figures is 1:20 for large battles, and 1:15 to 1:10 for the smaller clashes. One model represents the two works of art. The board also issued figures brigadiers and senior commanders. Infantry and cavalry were grouped together on common stands, which improves the aesthetics, so important for me that I am perhaps more than Wargamer modeler. All this looks very sensible, but unfortunately the rules were also elements that do not correspond to the end of me, such as coupling losses, disruption or mishandling tyralier. Therefore, I decided to develop their own version of the rules, staying at recommended by the organization of branches, which may in future make it easier to find opponents.

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Matthew Spring "With Zeal and With Bayonets Only"

It must have been the first book, which I will discuss on the blog. Partly because (no) chance bears the same title as the blog, but mainly because it is a basic position on the shelf of anyone who deals with the war for American independence. The author is a historian at the University of Leeds, and the book is an expanded version of his dissertation, "The British Army on campaign in North America, 1775-1783" and covers all aspects of the succession of tactics and strategy of the British during the war.

is not my intention of reviewing this book, because (flattering usually) review can easily be found on the websites of bookstores. I prefer to deal with the analysis of the information contained herein from the viewpoint of Wargamer, in other words - how should the rules of the game in light of the information to be communicated to us by Dr. Spring.

First of all: fighting fire. So far I have met with many conflicting opinions on the effectiveness of rifle fire during the war. Are legendary exploits of American riflemenów armed with threaded "long gun from Pennsylvania." On the other hand, it is assumed that the regular British soldiers were unmatched in fighting the fire in a dense pattern, when they could carry fire platoon. In one description of the first battle of Saratoga was even found that General Gates, only because he left their fortified positions to cope with the British in the dense forest, where they could not use its advantage in the training of shooting.

Spring in turn examines contemporary views on this subject and comes to a different conclusion. According to him there was no major difference between the effectiveness of regular infantry fire British loyalists, or even the continental army militia. Fire platoon, although impressive in exercise was not possible to maintain in field conditions and after 2-3 Salwach plutonium soldiers switched to single fire. In American terms, in the difficult terrain and the relaxed ranks has become the rule batalionowych putting volleys, followed by a bayonet or attack on, or random fire, which the officers did not have the slightest effect. What is more interesting - did not matter the speed of the fire. The author cites the opinions of officers who, after the Seven Years' War experiences asserted that "do not shoot too fast." Observed that the soldiers forced the rapid pace of weapons charge, they did so carelessly, for example, instead of nailing the load struck struck with a rifle butt on the ground that the inertial force skompaktowała charge in the barrel. That was then loaded projectiles less range, accuracy, and even the clout - were able to stop a hit on their uniforms the soldiers.

From the examples cited in the book, it appears that a greater impact on the effectiveness of the fire were the conditions in which it was conducted. The most effective was the first salvo, as the guns were loaded before the battle, not the barrel were contaminated by the remnants of burnt gunpowder, and the tinder-box was not damaged. Another important element was the tactical situation. Fire from prepared positions was particularly deadly, even if it meant only heading a fence or wall, which is a shooter based on his musket. Also a long time to wait for the opponent favors pointing to a valid, while branches that during the attack stopped for a moment to give a volley had a tendency to move over to the fire. One observer pointed out, the soldiers firing in the march are often pressed the trigger at the time of the shot, without aiming. The effect of such a fire had to be miserable, and really - some of the militias that fled into Guilford Courthouse by British bayonets, had apparently no losses, despite the fact that before the attack the British gave them a volley from close range.

Given the above, it seems that all units using smoothbore muskets should have the same firepower and troops can be promoted which do not move before putting volleys, but expect your opponent on the choice each position. Other factors influencing the strength of fire should be - the first salvo and gunpowder smoke, disturbing both parties during a protracted duel fire.

Another important issue, widely discussed in the book is the speed maneuvers and ranks of the British Army, but this I will in the next post.

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From the title of my blog?

First, why in English? Because it seems to me that in Polish there is no translation so distinctive and yet lapidary who oddawałoby sense of that expression. So what it refers? For some events in 1781, when the British army of General Greene Americans chased through the wilderness of North Carolina. On 22 January, near Ramseur's Mill, an act of extraordinary will and determination, perhaps one of the most beautiful images of this war, if one can speak about the war in aesthetic terms. To improve the mobility of his army, General Cornwallis ordered to burn all the cars rolling stock, except for a few really necessary, and all the equipment the soldiers and officers, to pack a small backpack.

Brigadier General O'Hara, commander of the British guard so he wrote to the Duke of Grafton:
Without baggage, necessaries, or Provisions of any sort for officer or soldier, in the most barren, inhospitable, unhealthy part of North America, opposed to the most savage, inveterate, perfidious, cruel enemy, with zeal and with Bayonets only, it was resolved to follow Greene's army to the end of the world.

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first post

This blog is devoted to simulations of battles, led by figures in a scale of 10 mm.
title refers directly to the War of Independence of the United States, but I'm going to write about some other interesting for me armed conflict - the War of English Succession and the American Civil War.

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railway bridge in Podgrabiu

In the winter even Sunday we went to wypatrzony in google maps:) railway bridge in Podgrabiu. Construction of the was completed in 1952, has three spans 72.72 + 98.00 + 72.72 m. The bridge is restored and still in use by freight trains.

In the next post for more of the bridge from different perspectives:)

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Sunday - that hill:)

few pics metal risers in-depth słoneczo Sunday - just the spring!

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VERY Please help!! HELP!

VIRTUAL FRIEND IN FAMILY Our affected the great disaster. NASM 5 KRSNIATKU diagnosed with leukemia. Has only 1, 5 YEAR Needs your help - THE NEED bone marrow. AND YOU CAN HELP YOU !!!!!

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Everyone can help !!!!! Anyone DONATE haematopoietic stem cells / This is done by the blood / CAN BE A DONOR CONTINGENCIES AS can also help NASM KRSNIATKU BUT ALSO anyone in Europe as to whom your cells of the belt. The more we will be more the It's better, thus increasing the chances of rescue.

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TO OCCUR IN ANY hematological diseases in your town and to say that you wish to donate
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you subscribed sample of blood and placed in your database, it should not just think about it then.
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from the heart for everyone who decides to do this šľachcetný act, or move "further very nice 'thank you and invoke good health.
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in case of any questions, issues, and write PíTAJTE SA
Mary